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Transgenic canola and soybean seeds with increased lysine. Bio-Technology (New York) 13, 577-582.
| Falco S.C., Guida, T., Locke, M., Mauvais, J., Sanders, C., Ward, R. T., Webber, P. (1995).
| We have increased the lysine content in the seeds of canola and soybean plants by circumventing the normal feedback regulation of two enzymes of the biosynthetic pathway, aspartokinase (AK) and dihydrodipicolinic acid synthase (DHDPS). Lysine-feedback-insensitive bacterial DHDPS and AK enzymes encoded by the Corynebacterium dapA gene and a mutant E. coli lysC gene, respectively, were linked to a chloroplast transit peptide and expressed from a seed-specific promoter in transgenic canola and soybean seeds. Expression of Corynebacterium DHDPS resulted in more than a 100-fold increase in the accumulation of free lysine in the seeds of canola; total seed lysine content approximately doubled. Expression of Corynebacterium DHDPS plus lysine-insensitive E. coli AK in soybean transformants similarly caused several hundred-fold increases in free lysine and increased total seed lysine content by as much as 5-fold. Accumulation of alpha-amino adipic acid (AA) in canola and saccharopine in soybean, which are intermediates in lysine catabolism, was also observed.
Human food and animal feed derived from many grains are deficient in some of the ten essential amino acids which are required in an animal diet. Here the lysine content in the seeds of canola and soybean plants was increased by circumventing the normal feedback regulation of two enzymes of the biosynthetic pathway, aspartokinase (AK) and dihydrodipicolinic acid synthase (DHDPS). Both genes were linked to a chloroplast transit peptide and expressed from a seed-specific promoter in transgenic canola and soybean seeds. Expression of both genes in soybean caused a several hundred-fold increase in free lysine and increased total seed lysine content by as much as 5-fold, while the expression of DHDPS in canola approximately doubled total seed lysine content.
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